In this case all the antecedents of groupthink were present except two: leader preference for a certain outcome and group insulation. Learning from History: Closed vs. The existence of the above symptoms shows that groups are vulnerable to groupthink.
Bob Wright maintained a neutral position and encouraged all the members to speak up and the presence of experts checked the insulation problem. Courtright, J.
Decision-making exercises ABand C : Examining the role of conflict in-group decision-making. The effects of authentic and contrived dissent on escalation of commitment in group decision making.
Illusion of Unanimity Group members are afraid of making comments during the decision-making process. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 11 83.
Hence, the individual succumbs to groupthink. Use the Six Thinking Hats approach: In the early stages of problem solving, it is imperative to explore the solution space, without narrowing down too quickly.
Dissertation Abstracts International, Therefore, all members believe that their decisions are right. When such leaders express a preferred solution early in the discussion, groups are far more likely to adopt that solution as the final group choice Leana, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42 1 ,